The Hobbit
The Hobbit is the first published novel by J.R.R. Tolkien set in Eye-earth. The book was first published on September 21, 1937 and is set in the years 2941 to 2942 of the Third Age before the events of The Lord of the Rings.[one] Initially intended as a standalone story for children, it was afterwards realigned more into the Middle-earth legendarium by 1951, when a revised edition was released.
Contents
- i Background
- 2 Story
- 3 Table of Contents
- 4 Development and influences
- iv.ane Original version
- iv.2 Similarities to Beowulf
- 5 Editions
- 6 Portrayal in adaptations
- 6.1 Films
- six.1.one Rankin/Bass
- 6.ane.2 Peter Jackson's trilogy
- 6.two Radio
- 6.3 Music
- 6.4 Games
- 6.1 Films
- 7 Gallery
- 8 Encounter as well
- ix References
- 10 External links
Background
J.R.R. Tolkien wrote The Hobbit (equally well as the first two books of The Lord of the Rings) during his time as a Young man and Professor of Anglo-Saxon at Pembroke College of the University of Oxford in England.[2] Tolkien recollected in a 1955 letter to W.H. Auden[three] that The Hobbit began in the late 1920s when he was mark School Document papers and wrote the words "In a hole in the ground, in that location lived a hobbit" on the back of one of them. The Hobbit didn't go any farther than that at the fourth dimension, although in the following years he drew upward Thror'southward map, outlining the geography of the tale. The story itself he wrote in the early 1930s, and it was eventually published because he lent it to the Rev. Mother of Cherwell Edge when she was sick with the influenza, and while she had the manuscript it was seen by a former student who was employed in the role of Allen & Unwin, a British publishing house.
Dust cover of the showtime edition, illustrated by Tolkien himself
Tolkien introduced or mentioned characters and places that figured prominently in his legendarium, specifically Elrond and Gondolin, along with elements from Germanic legend. Simply the decision that the events of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings could belong to the aforementioned universe equally The Silmarillion was made simply after his initial success and the request by his publisher for a sequel.
Although a fairy tale, the volume is both complex and sophisticated: it contains many names and words derived from Norse mythology, and key plot elements from the Beowulf epic, it makes apply of Anglo-Saxon runes, information on calendars and moon phases, and detailed geographical descriptions that fit well with the accompanying maps.
Story
Bilbo Baggins, a hobbit, was smoking in his porch-way at Bag End i day, when Gandalf the Wizard visits him. Afterwards a lengthy discussion, during which Bilbo uses the phrase "Good Morning" several times, Bilbo finds himself flustered. He invites Gandalf to tea, and goes back within his Hobbit-house with a final "Adept Morning time". Gandalf carves a clandestine marker on Bilbo's front door, which translated means "Burglar wants a good job, plenty of excitement and reasonable reward." Soon after, 13 Dwarves (Thorin Oakenshield, Glóin, Óin, Ori, Nori, Dori, Dwalin, Balin, Kíli, Fíli, Bifur, Bofur, and Bombur) show up and begin rudely discussing their planned treasure hunt while the hapless Bilbo provides the obligatory hospitality. Later on the dwarves and Bilbo clean up the mess, a map is produced and Gandalf arranges for Bilbo to become the job — too as to break the unlucky number 13. The company's quest: Use a secret door to get into the Lonely Mountain, send forth their burglar to steal as much of the riches inside its halls as is possible, and give a recon report, then take everyone kill the dragon Smaug, to go rich over again.
The adjacent morning, later oversleeping and nearly missing the start of the journeying, Bilbo goes off with the Dwarves. They are nearly eaten by 3 trolls, just Gandalf manages to trick the trolls into staying up all night whereupon they are turned into stone past the commencement light of dawn and dice (the stone trolls appear later in The Fellowship of the Ring). In the trolls' cave they find the trolls' storage of supplies, including several weapons. Bilbo acquires an elvish brusque sword which he volition later name Sting, which glows blue in the presence of goblins. Thorin acquires Orcrist, and Gandalf acquires Glamdring.
The party travels to Rivendell, where they savor the hospitality of elves. In that location, Elrond finds moon-runes on the company's map of the mountain, giving information about a underground door on its side. They then proceed eastward toward the Misty Mountains. There they are captured by goblins, and carried under the mountain. They run away, and during the escape Bilbo loses the Dwarves. Alone in the dark after running away from the goblins, Bilbo finds a golden ring on the floor of a cave passage and puts information technology in his pocket. Little did he know that this was the Ane Band lost past Sauron centuries ago.
Continuing down a tunnel, he finds himself at the shore of an underground lake. Gollum quietly paddles upward in his boat, and the ii enact the Riddle Game, nether the condition that if Bilbo wins, Gollum volition show him the way out, only if Bilbo loses, Gollum will eat him. After several riddles, which each manages to answer, Bilbo, whilst petty in his pocket unable to think of a riddle, asks himself aloud "What have I got in my pocket?". Gollum thinks this is supposed to be the next riddle, and equally information technology doesn't comply with the rules of the riddle game, demands 3 guesses; in the cease he fails to guess the answer. Bilbo demands his reward, but Gollum refuses and paddles off in his boat to an island in the lake, upon which he lives. After searching around for a while asking aloud "Where is it? Where'due south my precious!?" to which Bilbo replies, "I don't know and I don't care. I but want to exit of here", Gollum becomes suspicious, gets in his boat, and starts paddling back beyond the lake towards Bilbo. Bilbo realizes his life is in danger and makes his escape downwards the maze of pitch-black tunnels, and Gollum gives chase. Bilbo trips, and finds the band on his finger. Realizing he has no chance to escape his pursuer, he stays where he is and prepares to meet his fate, but Gollum runs right over him. Bilbo realizes the ring, while on his finger, makes him invisible. He manages to escape past Gollum, who has gone to guard the only go out, and finds his fashion to the surface where he rejoins the Dwarves.
Descending from the Misty Mountains, they survive an run across with Wargs (big evil wolves) and goblins by climbing copse. Eagles, summoned by Gandalf, and then came to rescue them. They before long see Beorn, a human who tin can transform into a carry. They depart, having rested for several days. Gandalf leaves shortly on an errand. The party traverses the great wood, Mirkwood, eventually running out of supplies. Gandalf had warned them non to get out the path, but they saw burn and heard singing, so, hopeless, they leave the path to beg food from Forest-elves, only to get lost. They are captured by behemothic spiders, simply Bilbo rescues the Dwarves by condign invisible via the ring and killing many spiders with Sting and rocks. Elves and so capture the Dwarves and imprison them, but Bilbo manages to sneak into the Elvenking Thranduil'south palace unnoticed using the ring; he then helps the Dwarves escape in barrels floating down the river.
Afterwards staying for a short period of time at Lake-town, the treasure-seekers keep to the Lonely Mountain. Finding themselves unable to locate the secret door, the company sits down, depressed, on a cliff. Hearing a Thrush knocking on a rock, Bilbo looks up just in fourth dimension to see the last rays of the Sunday of Durin's 24-hour interval, shining on the cliff wall, to magically reveal the secret door (equally was foretold by moon-letters upon a map that the company was in possession of). Bilbo is sent down to run into Smaug, the dragon, who realized the Company received assistance from the people of Laketown, and sets out to destroy it. Yet, the Thrush that had been knocking on the rock was no ordinary bird but of an ancient race with whom the men of the lake could communicate, and it had heard Bilbo's report to the dwarves, that Smaug had a blank patch in his armor on the left side of his chest (nearest his heart) that could be used to slaughter him, if simply y'all could get shut enough. It conveyed this message to one Bard the Bowman, who seeing the blank patch on the chest of Smaug, dispatched the dragon with a unmarried arrow, thus allowing the party of Dwarves to take possession of the treasure.
The citizens of Laketown get in to make historical claims and need bounty for the assistance they had rendered, also every bit reparations for damage Smaug inflicted during his set on. They're joined by the Elves, who also demand a share based on historical claims. The Dwarves pass up all negotiations and in turn summon kin from the mountains to strengthen their position. Seeing no other way to avert a war, Bilbo uses the ring to steal the prized Arkenstone from the Dwarves, which he uses to broker peace.
Just equally a grudging truce is agreed to, the three armies at the Alone Mountain (Elves, Men, and Dwarves) are attacked by Goblins and Wargs from the Misty Mountains. A biting boxing ensues (named the Battle of Five Armies). Though suffering heavy losses, Elves, Men, and Dwarves prevail with the help of the Eagles. The treasure is apportioned. Bilbo refuses most of the riches, realizing he has no way to bring them back dwelling house; he withal takes enough with him to brand himself a wealthy hobbit and live happily thereafter, unaware of the dangerous nature of his ring, which he places in a glass case on his pall.
Table of Contents
- An Unexpected Party
- Roast Mutton
- A Brusk Residuum
- Over Hill and Nether Hill
- Riddles in the Dark
- Out of the Frying-Pan into the Burn down
- Queer Lodgings
- Flies and Spiders
- Barrels Out of Bond
- A Warm Welcome
- On the Doorstep
- Inside Information
- Not at Home
- Burn down and Water
- The Gathering of the Clouds
- A Thief in the Night
- The Clouds Outburst
- The Render Journey
- The Terminal Stage
Development and influences
Original version
In the initial edition of the novel, Gollum willingly bets his magic ring on the outcome of the riddle game. During the writing of The Lord of the Rings Tolkien saw the demand to revise this passage, in club to reflect the concept of the One Ring and its powerful hold on Gollum. Tolkien tried many different passages in the chapter that would become chapter 2 of The Lord of the Rings, "The Shadow of the Past". Eventually Tolkien decided a rewrite of was in order, and he sent a sample chapter of this rewrite ("Riddles In The Dark") to his publishers. Initially he heard nix farther, but when he was sent galley proofs of a new edition he learned to his surprise the new chapter had been incorporated equally the result of a misunderstanding.
Tolkien explained the ii unlike versions in the introduction of The Lord of the Rings, every bit well as within "The Shadow of the By", as a "prevarication" that Bilbo made up, probably because of the One Ring's influence on him, and which he originally wrote down in his volume. Within The Lord of the Rings, Bilbo finally confesses the real story at the Quango of Elrond, although Gandalf had deduced the truth earlier. As Tolkien presented himself as the translator of the supposedly historic Crimson Book of Westmarch, where Bilbo and Frodo'south stories were recorded, he further explained the 2 differing stories in The Hobbit past stating he had originally used Bilbo's original story, merely later re-translated the piece of work with the "truthful story" recorded by Frodo.
This first edition also mentions "gnomes", an earlier give-and-take Tolkien used to refer to the 2d kindred of the Loftier Elves — the Ñoldor (or "Deep Elves"). Tolkien thought that "gnome", being derived from the Greek gnosis (knowledge), was a practiced name for the Ñoldor he created to be the wisest of the other Elves. However, considering of its English connotations of a small, secretive, and unattractive creature (see garden gnome), Tolkien removed it from later editions. He made other minor changes in lodge to conform the narrative to events in The Lord of the Rings and in the ideas he was developing for the Quenta Silmarillion.
There are some facets of the story that are incongruent with the fantasy setting of The Lord of the Rings, and can seem anachronistic:
- The Trolls accept English starting time and last names.
- In that location are uses of traditional "magic": when Bilbo tries to steal a handbag from the Trolls, the bag shouts.
- Elves appear as either comical mischiefs (in Rivendell) or as chiefly hostile (in Mirkwood).
- Gandalf refers to Radagast equally "his cousin" despite that Maiar are not said to have been familial.
- The Orcs pictured in The Hobbit seem centrolineal neither to the Necromancer (Sauron) nor to Saruman, and instead have a elementary hostility towards all Free Peoples.
- References to "fairies" and "ogres" are included.
- Linguistic communication used in the text apropos the Ring reflected Bilbo's lack of knowledge almost information technology, equally he was meant to be the author of the story.
Similarities to Beowulf
During his time equally a professor at the University of Oxford Tolkien studied Anglo-Saxon. 1 of the Anglo-Saxon pieces of literature he studied is the ballsy verse form Beowulf, about which he wrote essays such as The Monsters and the Critics. Interesting parallels can be institute betwixt The Hobbit and Beowulf.
The plots of the two stories are very similar. In both of them a party of 13 sets out to seek satisfaction for a crime committed by a dragon. Both parties incorporate a thief, which in The Hobbit is Bilbo, who steals a loving cup from the sleeping dragon's hoard by using a secret passage. Both dragons then awake from their deep slumber and cause terror and devastation. Both dragons are well protected past their armour, a natural one in Beowulf and 1 fabricated of gold and diamonds in The Hobbit, but finally they are killed. Both stories stop or almost end with a fight with a dragon.
But not but the plots share similarities: both main characters, Bilbo and Beowulf, share characteristics. Both heroes defy their enemies with their supernatural power, which in Bilbo's case is the ring and in Beowulf'southward case is his supernatural force. While Beowulf has the assist of God, Bilbo often prevails because of his sheer luck. Both are of noble ancestry and both become separated from their group, Bilbo in the mountains, Beowulf when he travels down to the lair of Grendel'southward mother in order to kill her.
Additionally some elements of Anglo-Saxon civilization can be found. In both books a king, which in Anglo-Saxon sometimes is called ring or gilt giver, awards his warriors with treasures and war gear. In Anglo-Saxon civilisation poems are important, every bit they contain the people'south history and they are sung by scops. Ii of these songs are found in Beowulf and more in The Hobbit. The Anglo-Saxon society was one of warriors and Tolkien's dwarves are close to this culture. They are warriors and similar Anglo-Saxons they value jewellery and war gear.
Editions
One of the many covers of The Hobbit
George Allen & Unwin, Ltd. of London published the first edition of The Hobbit in September 1937. It was illustrated with many black-and-white drawings by Tolkien himself. The original illustrations would exist colour plates. Allen & Unwin decided to comprise the colour illustrations into their second press, released at the stop of 1937. Despite the volume's popularity, wartime conditions forced the London publisher to print small runs of the remaining ii printings of the commencement edition.
As remarked higher up, Tolkien substantially revised the text describing Bilbo's dealings with Gollum in order to blend the story meliorate into what The Lord of the Rings had become. This revision became the 2nd edition, published in 1951 in both Uk and American editions. Slight corrections to the text have appeared in the third (1966) and 4th editions (1978).
New English-language editions of The Hobbit jump up ofttimes, despite the book's age, with at to the lowest degree 50 editions having been published to date. Each comes from a dissimilar publisher or bears distinctive comprehend fine art, internal art, or substantial changes in format. The text of each generally adheres to the Allen & Unwin edition extant at the time information technology is published.
The remarkable and enduring popularity of The Hobbit expresses itself in the collectors' market place. The first printing of the first English language linguistic communication edition rarely sells for nether U.Southward. $10,000 in any whole condition, and make clean copies in original dust jackets signed by the author are routinely advertised for over $100,000.
J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit has been translated into many languages. Known translations, with the start date of publishing, are:
| Language | Year | Championship | Translator | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albanian | 2005 | Hobiti | Maklen Misha | Tirana: Shtëpia due east Librit & Komunikit ISBN 99943-641-8-9 |
| Arabic | 2008 | الهوبيت، أو ذهابًا وعودة (Al-Hūbīt, aw Zehaban wa ʿAwda) | هشام فهمي - مي غنيم (Hisham Fahmy - May Ghanim) | Dokki, Giza: Dar Lila (No ISBN) |
| Armenian | 1984 | ՀՈԲԻՏ կամ գնալն ու գալը | Emma Makarian | Yerevan. Translated from the Russian translation by N. Rakhmanova. Uses the Belomlinskij illustrations from the Rakhmanova Russian edition |
| Astur-leonese | 2014 | El Hobbit | Miguel Gallego Gómez | Gijón. Published past Ediciones Terrier. ISBN 978-84-617-1545-9 |
| Belarusan | 2002 | Хобіт, або Вандроўка туды і назад | One thousand. Kurchankova and D. Magilevtsav | Minsk. Contains both maps with place-names in Belarusian, based on the Belomlinskij Russian maps |
| Basque | 2008 | Hobbita edo Joan-etorri bat | Sergio Ibarrola and Xabier Olarra | Iruñea: Igela Argitaletxea. ISBN 978-84-87484-88-nine. Maps with place-names in English language |
| Bengali | 2011 | হবিট (Hôbiţô) | Aniruddha | Margao: CinnamonTeal. ISBN 9789380151939 |
| Breton | 2000 | An Hobbit, pe eno ha distro | Alan Dipode | Argenteuil: Éditions Arda. ISBN 2-911979-03-6. Contains both maps with place-names in Breton; the runes are translated into Breton |
| Bulgarian | 1975 | Билбо Бегинс или дотам и обратно | Красимира Тодорова (Krasimira Todorova) | Sofia: Narodna Mladezh (София, „Народна младеж"). Verse translations past Assen Todorov (Асен Тодоров) |
| Catalan | 1983 | El Hòbbit o viatge d'anada i tornada | Francesc Parcerisas | The runes and both maps (the ane for the Wildlands and the other one for the Alone Mountain) are in Catalan. Some names, though, remain in English (such every bit Baggins or Took, which in the Lord of the Rings are translated every bit Saquet and Tuc respectively). Published past La Magrana (Edicions de la Magrana, SA. Pàdua, 83, 08006, Barcelona) in April 1983 (outset edition); the last edition was in May 2001 (20th edition). ISBN 84-8264-277-4 |
| Traditional Chinese | 2001 | 魔戒前傳 哈比人歷險記 (Mojie qianzhuan: Habiren lixianji) | 朱學恆 (Lucifer Chu) | Both maps are in Chinese. ISBN 957-08-2334-8 |
| Simplified Chinese | 2002 | 魔戒前传: 霍比特人 (Mojie qianzhuan: Huobiteren) | 李尧 (Li Yao) | Nanjing: Yilin Printing. 2000. ISBN 7-80657-190-6 |
| Simplified Chinese | 2013 | 霍比特人 (Huobiteren) | 吴刚 (Wu Gang) | Shanghai: Shiji Wenjing; Shanghai People's Publishing House. 2013. ISBN 9787208111028 authorized by the Tolkien Estate |
| Cornish | 2014 | An Hobys, pò, An Fordh Dy ha Tre Arta | Nicholas Williams | Cathair na Mart: Evertype, ISBN 978-i-78201-090-6 (hb), ISBN 978-ane-78201-089-0 (pb). Contains both maps with identify-names in Cornish; the runes are translated into Cornish. On the loving cup in the analogy "Conversations with Smaug" ('Kescows gans Smawg') the text in Tengwar and initials in runes are translated into Cornish |
| Croatian | 1994 | Hobit ili tamo i opet natrag | Zlatko Crnković | (Come across also Serbo-Croatian, below) |
| Czech | 1979 | Hobit, aneb cesta tam a zase zpátky | František Vrba | Prague: Odeon. In book translation credited for political reasons to Lubomír Dorůžka. Illustrated by Jiří Šalamoun |
| Danish | 1969 | Hobbitten, eller ud og hjem igen | Ida Nyrop Ludvigsen | Copenhagen: Gyldendal. 1969. No maps |
| Danish | 2012 | Hobbitten, eller ud og hjem igen | Jakob Levinsen | Copenhagen: Gyldendal. 2012. ISBN 978-87-02-12852-9 |
| Dutch | 1960 | De Hobbit of daarheen en weer terug | Max Schuchart | Utrecht/Antwerpen: Het Spectrum. 1960. No maps |
| Esperanto | 2000 | La Hobito aŭ Tien kaj Reen | Christopher Gledhill, poems translated past William Auld | Kaliningrad: Sezonoj. Rereleased in 2005. Runes are translated to Esperanto |
| Esperanto | 2015 | La Hobito, aŭ, Tien kaj Reen | Christopher Gledhill, poems translated past William Auld | Portlaoise: Evertype, ISBN 978-ane-78201-110-1 (hb), ISBN 978-1-78201-109-5 (atomic number 82). Contains both maps with identify-names in Esperanto; the runes are translated into Esperanto. On the cup in the illustration "Conversations with Smaug" ('Konversacio kun Smaŭg') the text in Tengwar and initials in runes are translated into Esperanto |
| Estonian | 1977 | Kääbik, ehk, Sinna ja tagasi | Lia Rajandi (prose and poems), Harald Rajamets (poems) | Tallinn: Eesti raamat |
| Faeroese | 1990 | Hobbin ella út og heim aftur | Axel Tórgarð | Hoyvík: Stíðin |
| Finnish | 1973 | Lohikäärmevuori, eli Erään hoppelin matka sinne ja takaisin | Risto Pitkänen | Helsinki: Tammi |
| Finnish | 1985 | Hobitti eli Sinne ja takaisin | Kersti Juva | Helsinki: Werner Söderström |
| French | 1969 | Bilbo le Hobbit | Francis Ledoux | Paris: Le Livre de Poche. 2002. ISBN 2-253-04941-7. Contains both maps with place-names in French; the runes remain in English language |
| French | 2012 | Le Hobbit | Daniel Lauzon | Paris: Christian Bourgois éditeur. 2012. ISBN 9782267024012. Contains both maps with place-names in French; the runes are translated |
| West Frisian | 2009 | De Hobbit | Anne Tjerk Popkema | Leeuwarden: Uitgeverij Elikser. 2009. ISBN 90-8954-112-8 |
| Galician | 2000 | Ó hobbit | Moisés R. Barcia | Vigo: Edicións Xerais de Galicia |
| Georgian | 2002 | ჰობიტი ანუ იქით და აქეთ (Hobitʼi anu ikit da aket) | Nino Bardzimishvili, poems translated by Tinatin Gogochashvili | Tbilisi: Otar Karalashvili. 2002. ISBN printed on the cover and in the book (99928-0-302-0) is invalid. Contains both maps with identify-names in Georgian |
| Georgian | 2009 | ჰობიტი (Hobitʼi) | Nika Samushia, poems translated past Tsitso Khotsuashvili | John Howe's illustration on the cover |
| German | 1957 | Kleiner Hobbit und der große Zauberer | Walter Scherf | Recklinghausen: Paulus-Verlag. 1957. Illustrated past Horus Engels |
| German | 1971 | Der kleine Hobbit | Walter Scherf | Georg Bitter. 1971. Revised after the appearance of the Carroux translation of The Lord of the Rings to make the names match |
| German | 1998 | Der Hobbit | Wolfgang Krege | Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta, ISBN 3-608-93805-2 |
| Greek | 1978 | Το Χόμπιτ | A. Gavrielide, Kh. Delegianne | Athens: Kedros, ISBN 960-04-0308-2 |
| Hawaiian | 2015 | Ka Hopita, a i ʻole, I Laila a Hoʻi Hou mai | R. Keao NeSmith | Portlaoise: Evertype, ISBN 978-i-78201-092-0 (hb), ISBN 978-1-78201-091-three (atomic number 82). Contains both maps with place-names in Hawaiian; the runes are translated into Hawaiian. On the loving cup in the illustration "Conversations with Smaug" ('Ke Kūkā ʻana me Smaug') the text in Tengwar and initials in runes are translated into Hawaiian |
| Hebrew | 1976 | ההוביט | משה הנעמי (Moshe Hana'ami) | |
| Hebrew | 1977 | ההוביט או לשם ובחזרה | Hebrew from a book sent to ane of them by family members, via the Ruby Cross. The pilots' translation was published in Tel-Aviv following their return, and many Israeli critics nonetheless consider information technology the better of the first 2 Hebrew translations | |
| Hebrew | 2012 | ההוביט | יעל אכמון (Yael Achmon) | |
| Hungarian | 1975 | A babó | Tibor Szobotka, poems translated by István Tótfalusi | ISBN 963-eleven-0374-9 Reworked in 2006 under the championship A hobbit – „Egyszer oda, aztán vissza" past Tamás Füzessy with the introduction and annotations of Douglas A. Anderson (translated by Zsuzsa Ürmössy). (ISBN 963-539-515-ix) |
| Hungarian | 2006 | A hobbit – Vagy: Oda-vissza | László Gy. Horváth, poems translated by Zsuzsa N. Osculation | This translation was originally published in 2006 with a terminology consequent with that of the Ádám Réz/Árpád Göncz translation of The Lord of the Rings (A Gyűrűk Ura) (ISBN 963-07-8162-10). It uses the old Hungarian alphabet instead of English runes and illustrations by Alan Lee. After the revision of the Hungarian terminology of The Lord of the Rings in 2008, changes were also incorporated into this translation and was republished in 2011 without illustrations and with the English runes restored (ISBN 978-963-07-9336-0) |
| Icelandic | 1978 | Hobbitinn | Úlfur Ragnarsson and Karl Ágúst Úlfsson | Reykjavík: Almenna Bókafélagið |
| Icelandic | 1997 | Hobbitinn eða út og heim aftur | Þorsteinn Thorarensen | Reykjavík: Fjölvaútgáfan ISBN 9979-58-305-iii |
| Indonesian | 1977 | Hobbit atau pergi dan kembali | Anton Adiwiyoto | Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama |
| Irish | 2012 | An Hobad, nó, Anonn agus Ar Ais Arís | Nicholas Williams | Cathair na Mart: Evertype, ISBN 978-ane-904808-90-nine (hb), ISBN 978-1-78201-033-three (pb). Contains both maps with place-names in Irish; the runes are translated into Irish. On the cup in the analogy "Conversations with Smaug" ('Ag Comhrá le Smóg') the text in Tengwar and initials in runes are translated into Irish |
| Italian | 1973 | Lo hobbit, o la Riconquista del Tesoro | Elena Jeronimidis Conte | Milan: Adelphi Editions. ISBN 88-459-0688-4. Contains both maps with place-names in Italian; the runes are translated into Italian. Spelling of Smaug changed into "Smog"; the trolls are referred to every bit "Uomini Neri" ("Black Men") |
| Italian | 2004 | Lo Hobbit Annotato | Oronzo Cilli and Elena Jeronimidis Conte | Milan: Bompiani RCS group. ISBN 88-452-3292-one. New translation |
| Japanese | 1965 | ホビットの冒険 (Hobitto no Bōken) | 瀬田貞二 (Teiji Seta) | transliterated direct into katakana spellings. Runes on Thrór's map are left in English language, but absent-minded altogether from the title page. Terms used here carry over into the Japanese edition of The Lord of the Rings, translated by Teiji Seta and Akiko Tanaka |
| Korean | 1979 | 호비트 (Hobiteu) | 김종철 (Kim Jong-cheol) | Yeoleum |
| Korean | 1988 | 호비트 모험 (Hobiteu Moheom) | 공덕용 (Kong Deok-yong) | Seoul : Dongsuh Printing |
| Korean | 1989 | 호비트의 모험 (Hobiteueui Moheom) | 최윤정 (Choi Yun-jeong) | Seoul : Changjak-kwa-Bipyongsa. ISBN 8936441035, ISBN 8936441043 |
| Korean | 1991 | 꼬마 호비트의 모험 (Kkoma Hobiteueui Moheom) | 이동진 (Lee Dong-jin) | Yeollin. ISBN 8982100911 |
| Korean | 1999 | 호비트 (Hobiteu) | 김석희 (Kim Seok-hee) | Seoul : Sigongsa. ISBN 8952705130, ISBN 8952705149 |
| Korean | 2002 | 호빗 (Hobit) | 이미애 (Lee Mi-ae) | Seoul : Ssiaseul Ppurineun Saram. ISBN 9788956371078 |
| Latin | 2012 | Hobbitus ille aut illuc atque rursus retrorsum | Marc Walker | London : HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-744521-9 |
| Latvian | 1991 | Hobits jeb Turp un atpakaļ | Zane Rozenberga | Starting time edition published in 1991 (ISBN five-410-00159-i) was big format hardcover children's book and featured loftier quality original illustrations by Latvian creative person Laima Eglīte. Notably elves were pictured as having wings and greenish skin. Second edition was published in 2002 in soft cover (ISBN 9-984-22417-1) and independent traditional blackness and white illustrations drawn past J.R.R.Tolkien |
| Lithuanian | 1985 | Hobitas, arba X ir atgal | Bronė Balčienė | |
| Luxembourgish | 2002 | Den Hobbit | Henry Wickens | Esch-Sauer : Op der Lay. ISBN 2-87967-099-three. Contains both maps with place-names in Luxembourgish; the runes are translated into Luxembourgian |
| Macedonian | 2005 | Хобитот или до таму и назад | Marija Todorova | Skopje: Feniks ISBN 9989-33-142-1 |
| Marathi | 2011 | द हॉबिट | Meena Kinikar | Pune: Diamond Publications ISBN 978-81-8483-374-iv |
| Moldavian | 1987 | Хоббитул (Hobbitul) | Aleksej Tsurkanu | Chişinău: Literatura artistike (translated from Russian) |
| Norwegian (Bokmål) | 1972 | Hobbiten, eller fram og tilbake igjen | Finn Aasen and Oddrun Grønvik | Oslo: Tiden Norsk Forlag. ISBN 82-10-00747-five. Contains both maps with place-names in Norwegian; the runes are translated into Norwegian |
| Norwegian (Bokmål) | 1997 | Hobbiten, eller Fram og tilbake igjen | Nils Ivar Agøy | Oslo: Tiden Norsk Forlag. ISBN 82-10-04300-5 |
| Norwegian (Nynorsk) | 2008 | Hobbiten | Eilev Groven Myhren | Oslo: Tiden Norsk Forlag. ISBN 978-82-10-05038-i |
| Western farsi | 2002 | هابيت (Hābit) | فرزاد فربد (Farzad Farbud) | Tehran: Ketab-due east Panjereh 2002 (١٣٨١). ISBN 964-7822-01-iv |
| Persian | 2004 | هابيت يا آنجا و بازگشت دوباره (Hābit yā ānjā va bāzgašt dobāre) | رضا عليزاده (Reza Alizadeh) | Tehran: Rowzaneh 2004 (١٣٨٣). ISBN 964-334-200-X. Contains both maps with identify-names in Western farsi; the runes remain in English language |
| Polish | 1960 | Hobbit, czyli tam i z powrotem | Maria Skibniewska | |
| Smoothen | 1985 | Hobbit, czyli tam i z powrotem | Maria Skibniewska | second Smoothen edition, revised translation |
| Polish | 1997 | Hobbit albo tam i z powrotem | Paulina Braiter | |
| Polish | 2002 | Hobbit, czyli tam i z powrotem | Andrzej Polkowski | |
| Portuguese-Portugal | 1962 | O Gnomo | Maria Isabel Morna Braga, Mário Braga; il. António Quadros | Porto: Livraria Civilização Editora |
| Portuguese-Portugal | 1985 | O Hobbit | Fernanda Pinto Rodrigues | Mem Martins: Publicações Europa-América |
| Portuguese-Brazil | 1995 | O Hobbit ou Lá east de Volta Outra Vez | Lenita Maria Rímoli Esteves | São Paulo: Martins Fontes |
| Romanian | 1975 | O poveste cu united nations hobbit | Catinca Ralea | Bucharest: Editura Ion Creangă |
| Russian | 1976 | Хоббит, или Туда и обратно | Н. Рахманова (Northward. Rakhmanova) | Petrograd: Detskaya Literatura. Illustrations by Chiliad. Belomlinskij |
| Russian | 2001 | Хоббит, или Туда и обратно | А.А. Грузберг (A.A. Gruzberg) | Ekaterinburg: Publishing house "Litur" (Издательство «ЛИТУР»). Illustrations by Е. Нитылкина (E. Nitylkina) |
| Russian | 1995 | Хоббит, или Туда и обратно | М. Каменкович, С. Степанов (Thou. Kamenkovich, S. Stepanov) | Saint Petersburg: Publishing business firm "Azbuka" (Издательство «Азбука»). Academically annotated edition |
| Russian | 2000 | Хоббит, или Туда и обратно | Валерия Маторина "В.А.М." (Valeria Matorina, "V.A.M.") | Moscow: Publishing house "EKSMO" (Издательство «ЭКСМО»). Illustrations by И. Панков (I. Pankov) |
| Russian | 2001 | Хоббит, или Туда и обратно | Л. Яхнин (Fifty. Yakhnin) | Moscow: Publishing house "Alfa book" (Издательство «Алфа-книга») |
| Russian | 1991 | Хоббит, или Туда и обратно | З. Бобырь (Z. Bobyr') | Moscow: Publishing house "Molodaya Gvardiya" (Издательство «Молодая гвардия») |
| Russian | 2002 | Хоббит | К. Королёв, В. Тихомиров (One thousand. Korolev, 5. Tikhomirov) | Moscow: Publishing house "Eksmo" (Издательство «Эксмо») |
| Russian | 2005 | Хоббит, или Туда и обратно | Н. Прохорова, М. Виноградова (N. Prokhorova, K. Vinogradova) | Moscow: Publishing house "Milikon Servis" (Издательство «Миликон Сервис») |
| Russian | 2003 | Хоббит, или Туда и обратно | И. Тогоева (I. Togoeva) | Moscow: Publishing business firm "Rosmen" (Издательство «РОСМЭН») |
| Serbo-Croatian | 1975 | Хобит или тамо и назад | Meri and Milan Milišić | |
| Slovak | 1973 | Hobbit | Viktor Krupa (prose), Jana Šimulčíková (poetry) | Bratislava: Slovenský spisovatel' |
| Slovak | 2002 | Hobbit | Otakar Kořínek | Bratislava: SLOVART |
| Slovene | 1986 | Hobit ali Tja in spet nazaj | Dušan Ogrizek | Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga |
| Sorbian | 2012 | Hobit | Edward Wornar | Leipzig: Institut za Sorabistiku Lipšćanskeje Uniwersity. ISBN 978-one-4716-7712-0 |
| Spanish (Argentina) | 1964 | El hobito | Teresa Sánchez Cuevas | Buenos Aires: Fabril Editora |
| Spanish (Spain) | 1982 | El hobbit | Manuel Figueroa | Barcelona: Ediciones Minotauro. ISBN 84-450-7141-half-dozen. Contains only Thrór's map with identify-names in Castilian; the runes remain in English language |
| Swedish | 1947 | Hompen eller En resa Dit och Tillbaks igen | Tore Zetterholm | Stockholm: Kooperativa Förbundets Bokförlag |
| Swedish | 1962 | Bilbo – En hobbits äventyr | Britt G. Hallqvist | Stockholm: Rabén & Sjögren |
| Swedish | 2007 | Hobbiten eller bort och hem igen | Erik Andersson | Stockholm: Norstedts ISBN 978-91-1-301648-1 (green cover) or ISBN 978-91-1-301765-5 |
| Thai | 2002 | เดอะฮอบบิท | สุดจิต ภิญโญยิ่ง (Sutjit Phin-yo-ying) | |
| Turkish | 1996 | Hobbit | Esra Uzun | |
| Turkish | 2007 | Hobbit | Gamze Sari | ISBN 978-975-273-373-2, Publisher: Ithaki Yayinlari, Published: Istanbul, Baronial 2007, Pages: 425 |
| Ukrainian | 1985 | Гобiт, або Мандрiвка за Iмлистi гори | O. Mokrovolskyi | Kiev: Veselka |
| Ukrainian | 2007 | Гобiт, або Туди i звiдти | Olena O'Lir | Lviv: Astrolabia, ISBN 978-966-8657-22-1 |
| Vietnamese | 2003 | Vietnamese version already completed in 2002 but publishing cancelled. This version leaked onto the Internet in 2003 | ||
| Vietnamese | 2009 | Hobbit ra đi và trở về | Đinh Thị Hương | EAN-13 8935077068955, maps with placenames in Vietnamese |
| Vietnamese | 2010 | anh chàng Hobbit | Nguyên Tâm | Hanoi: Nhã Nam, no ISBN, maps with placenames in Vietnamese |
| Yiddish | 2012 | דער האָביט (Der Hobit) | Barry Goldstein בעריש גאָלדשטײן | ISBN 978-1-48117-230-1 |
| Yiddish | 2015 | Der Hobit, oder, Ahin un Vider Tsurik | Barry Goldstein | Portlaoise: Evertype, ISBN 978-i-78201-120-0 (hb), ISBN 978-1-78201-119-iv (pb). Contains both maps with place-names in Yiddish; the runes are translated into Yiddish. On the cup in the illustration "Conversations with Smaug" ('Shmuesen mit Smaug') the text in Tengwar and initials in runes are translated into Yiddish |
Portrayal in adaptations
Films
Rankin/Bass
The commencement major accommodation of The Hobbit was the 1977 animated tv picture of the same name. The film was made by Rankin/Bass Productions and managed to economically retell virtually of the story inside its 78-minute duration. An LP with the soundtrack and dialogue from the picture show was also released in 1977 by Disney through its Buena Vista Records characterization and an edited version, forth with accompanying "storyteller read-alongs," was later issued for the Mouse Mill's Disneyland Records imprint. Harry N. Abrams published a large coffee-table illustrated edition of the volume featuring concept art and stills. A second album by Glenn Yarbrough of music "inspired" past The Hobbit was also released.
The pic was first circulate on NBC in the United States, on Nov 27, 1977 (on Sunday night, three days afterward Thanksgiving) and is presented in a center-warming way, featuring a lot of songs (many of which are based on poems and lyrics from the book). Much of the story has been simplified and several episodes and central scenes are omitted.
Peter Jackson's trilogy
- Principal commodity: The Hobbit moving picture trilogy
Teaser affiche for An Unexpected Journey
A alive-activeness 3-part movie adaption of The Hobbit, directed past Peter Jackson, was released in 2012, 2013 and 2014.[4] The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journeying on Dec fourteen, 2012, The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug on December 13, 2013[5] and The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies on December 17, 2014.
Radio
The Hobbit has been adjusted for other media. BBC Radio 4 broadcast The Hobbit radio drama, adjusted by Michael Kilgarriff, in eight parts (4 hours) from September to November 1968, which starred Anthony Jackson equally narrator, Paul Daneman as Bilbo, and Heron Carvic as Gandalf. Another famous audio adaptation authorized by Professor Tolkien was published by Conifer Records in 1974 and featured Nicol Williamson as every character.
Music
Centre-globe has been featured in songs notably by Enya and the Brobdingnagian Bards. Led Zeppelin's songs "Misty Mountain Hop" and "Ramble On" both incorporate references to Tolkien's mystical globe. For The Hobbit itself, "The Ballad of Bilbo Baggins", performed by Leonard Nimoy as part of his 1968 Two Sides of Leonard Nimoy album, is the well-nigh pertinent because it recounts the book'southward storyline in its ii minutes. The ballad'due south music video became a small Internet meme in the early 2000s when The Lord of the Rings movies were released.
Games
Several figurer and video games, both official and unofficial, have been based on the book. One of the showtime was The Hobbit, a computer game developed in 1982 by Axle Software and published past Melbourne House for most computers available at the time, from the more popular computers such as the ZX Spectrum, and the Commodore 64, through to such esoteric computers as the Dragon 32 and Oric computers. By arrangement with the book publishers, a re-create of the book was included with each game sold.
Vivendi Universal Games published The Hobbit in 2003 for Windows PCs, PlayStation 2, Xbox, and GameCube. It is a "hack and slash" game produced equally a prequel to The Lord of the Rings video games, but also as a softer version of those two games: less brutal, fewer enemies, simply with an important platform attribute, the game was designed for smaller children. A like version of this game was too published for the Game Boy Advance.
Gallery
Original comprehend
Encompass of the first Houghton Mifflin publication, 1997
The Hobbit 75th Anniversary Edition
2003 edition comprehend
See also
- The Quest of Erebor
- English language-language editions of The Hobbit
- Early on American editions of The Hobbit
References
- ↑ The Lord of the Rings was written from 1937 to 1949 and was published in 1954 and 1955.
- ↑ Although he had been an undergraduate at Exeter Higher, Tolkien was a Fellow of Pembroke from 1925 to 1945.
- ↑ Auden, Due west.H., Letters, no. 163
- ↑ Rottenberg, Josh (July 30, 2012). Peter Jackson announces a tertiary 'Hobbit' moving-picture show. Amusement Weekly. Retrieved on July xxx, 2012.
- ↑ McClintock, Pamela (Baronial 31, 2012). 3rd 'Hobbit' Picture Sets Release Date. Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved on September 1, 2012.
External links
- The Hobbit Pub Official website of the Pub in Southampton, England
- The Hobbit A collection of edition covers, 1937–2005
Source: https://lotr.fandom.com/wiki/The_Hobbit
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